【incoterms-国际贸易术语中英文对照解释】在国际贸易中，买卖双方为了明确各自的责任、风险和费用分担，通常会使用一套标准的贸易术语。这些术语被称为“Incoterms®”，由国际商会（ICC）制定并定期更新，旨在为全球贸易提供统一的规则。本文将对常见的Incoterms®进行中英文对照解释，帮助买卖双方更好地理解和应用这些术语。
1. EXW（Ex Works）—— 工厂交货
中文解释： 卖方在其所在地（如工厂或仓库）将货物交给买方，即完成交货义务。买方需承担从卖方所在地到目的地的所有运输及保险费用。
英文解释： Ex Works (EXW) means that the seller delivers the goods at their own premises, and the buyer is responsible for all costs and risks from that point onward.
2. FCA（Free Carrier）—— 货交承运人
中文解释： 卖方在指定地点将已出口清关的货物交给买方指定的承运人，即完成交货。适用于任何运输方式。
英文解释： Free Carrier (FCA) means that the seller delivers the goods to the carrier nominated by the buyer at the named place, and the buyer is responsible for the costs and risks from that point onward.
3. CPT（Carriage Paid To）—— 运费付至指定目的地
中文解释： 卖方支付将货物运至指定目的地的运费，但货物的风险在装运时转移给买方。
英文解释： Carriage Paid To (CPT) means that the seller pays the cost of transporting the goods to the named destination, but the risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer once the goods are handed over to the carrier.
4. CIP（Carriage and Insurance Paid To）—— 运费及保险费付至指定目的地
中文解释： 卖方支付将货物运至指定目的地的运费和保险费，风险在货物交付给承运人时转移给买方。
英文解释： Carriage and Insurance Paid To (CIP) means that the seller pays both the transportation and insurance costs to the named destination, and the risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer when the goods are delivered to the carrier.
5. DAP（Delivered At Place）—— 目的地交货
中文解释： 卖方在指定目的地将仍处于抵达的运输工具上准备卸载的货物交由买方处置，即完成交货。
英文解释： Delivered At Place (DAP) means that the seller delivers the goods at the named destination, and the buyer is responsible for unloading and any further costs and risks after that.
6. DDP（Delivered Duty Paid）—— 完税后交货
中文解释： 卖方负责将货物运至指定目的地，并承担所有运输、清关及进口税费，直至货物交付给买方。
英文解释： Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) means that the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the named destination, including all costs and risks associated with transportation, customs clearance, and import duties.
7. FAS（Free Alongside Ship）—— 船边交货
中文解释： 卖方在指定装运港将货物交至船边，即完成交货。买方负责后续的装船和运输。
英文解释： Free Alongside Ship (FAS) means that the seller delivers the goods alongside the vessel at the named port of shipment, and the buyer is responsible for loading and subsequent transportation.
8. FOB（Free On Board）—— 船上交货
中文解释： 卖方在指定装运港将货物装上买方指定的船舶，即完成交货。货物风险在装船后转移给买方。
英文解释： Free On Board (FOB) means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment, and the risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer once the goods are on board.
9. CFR（Cost and Freight）—— 成本加运费
中文解释： 卖方支付将货物运至指定目的港的运费，但货物的风险在装船后转移给买方。
英文解释： Cost and Freight (CFR) means that the seller pays the cost of transporting the goods to the named port of destination, but the risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer once the goods are loaded on the vessel.
10. CIF（Cost, Insurance and Freight）—— 成本、保险费加运费
中文解释： 卖方支付将货物运至指定目的港的运费和保险费，货物风险在装船后转移给买方。
英文解释： Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) means that the seller pays the cost of transporting the goods to the named port of destination, as well as the insurance premium, and the risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer once the goods are loaded on the vessel.
总结
Incoterms® 是国际贸易中非常重要的标准术语，合理选择和使用这些术语能够有效降低交易中的不确定性，明确各方责任。无论是出口商还是进口商，在签订合同时都应根据自身情况选择合适的Incoterms®条款，以确保交易顺利进行。
了解并掌握这些术语的中英文对照与实际含义，是每一位从事国际贸易人士必备的知识基础。
